![[arxiv]](/images/buttons/arxiv.png)
Title: Structure Theorem for (d,g,h)-Maps
Authors: Alex V. Kontorovich, Yakov G. Sinai
Categories: math.NT Number Theory (math.PR Probability Theory)
Comments: 9 pages
MSC: 11B83
Journal reference: Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society, Volume 33, Issue 2, Jul 2002, Pages 213 - 224
Abstract: The (3x+1)-Map, T, acts on the set, Pi, of positive integers not divisible by
2 or 3. It is defined by T(x) = (3x+1)/2^k, where k is the largest integer for
which T(x) is an integer. The (3x+1)-Conjecture asks if for every x in Pi there
exists an integer, n, such that T^n (x) = 1. The Statistical (3x+1)-Conjecture
asks the same question, except for a subset of Pi of density 1. The Structure
Theorem proven in \cite{sinai} shows that infinity is in a sense a repelling
point, giving some reasons to expect that the (3x+1)-Conjecture may be true. In
this paper, we present the analogous theorem for some generalizations of the
(3x+1)-Map, and expand on the consequences derived in \cite{sinai}. The
generalizations we consider are determined by positive coprime integers, d and
g, with g > d >= 2, and a periodic function, h(x). The map T is defined by the
formula T(x) = (gx+h(gx))/d^k, where k is again the largest integer for which
T(x) is an integer. We prove an analogous Structure Theorem for (d,g,h)-Maps,
and that the probability distribution corresponding to the density converges to
the Wiener measure with the drift log(g) - d/(d-1)log(d) and positive diffusion
constant. This shows that it is natural to expect that typical trajectores
return to the origin if log(g) - d/(d-1) log(d) <0 and escape to infinity
otherwise.
Owner: Alex Kontorovich
Version 1: Wed, 25 Jan 2006 19:31:02 GMT